International Financial institution and markets Essay

Universal Financial foundation and markets - Essay Example The report tries to recognize different components which are considered as of bit of leeway just as of weakness for the UK to go into such an understanding of cash association. It likewise manages whether the Euro could substitute the US dollar as the significant cash in the worldwide market. 2 Euro is viewed as a cash that is broadly utilized by the European Union Institutions and it is supposed to be the official money for euro zone. Euro zone involves 18 part states out of the 28 part expresses that is said to establish the European Union, for example, Spain, Slovenia, Netherlands, Malta, Portugal, Luxembourg, Greece, Germany, France, Finland, Estonia to give some examples. There are additionally other five European nations that utilization the cash Euro and as an outcome is supposed to be utilized by 334 million Europeans at present. Besides it is viewed as that 210 million individuals over the universe including 182 million from Africa use monetary forms that are supposed to be pegged to the cash euro. Euro is viewed as the second biggest save money in the globe after the US dollar. It is additionally considered as the second most exchanged money the universe after the US dollar. Euro is viewed as a solitary cash game plan which came into power between individuals from European Union in the year 1999. The ramifications of a solitary cash is that there are the same national financial arrangements. In such manner, the Central Bank of Europe was set up which used to direct wide financial approach and furthermore sets the loan costs in Europe. This came about into lost distinctive national financial arrangements, trade rates, and loan costs. In such manner, the expectation of Germany to acquaint a financial strategy with battle against joblessness is considered as exceptionally troublesome as this job must be played by the European Central Bank. There are various points of interest to part of budgetary administrations with respect to Britain joining the Euro. Without drifting conversion scale, the family member

Kantianism and Utilitarianism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Kantianism and Utilitarianism - Essay Example This paper will concentrate on assessing a killing instance of Brophy, utilizing utilitarianism and Kantianism. Brophy is a patient in steady vegetative express, whose spouse communicated the purpose of doing uninvolved euthanasia.Kantianism. Immanuel Kant portrayed a deontological moral way of thinking titled as ‘Kantianism’. He made it clear that in his view, obligation, positive attitude, and good worth were basic angles in deciding of the activity taken. In his view, one could possibly choose ethically worth choices when guided by altruism and obligation. He opined that obligation was the main explanation that ought to propel a moral activity (Abel 24). As per him, people are good operators that should utilize thinking while at the same time settling on moral choices. He featured that specific sayings were basic as rules of settling on moral choices. These standards were the item and reason and were to be specific obligation, altruism, and clear cut objective. Altrui sm is a basic good adage since he featured that without generosity, any positive attribute or activity doesn't meet all requirements to be acceptable (46). In this way, the will deciding why an individual completes a specific activity can't get underestimation in deontology. He propelled his perspectives to feature that the main manner by which an individual could show cooperative attitude was through making a move out of duty.In Kant’s definition, positive attitude indicates the capacity of people in taking choices dependent on standards.

Ways to Memorize 90% of information

Ways to Memorize 90% of information Best Way to Study and Memorize 90% of Everything You Need to Learn Home›Tips for Students›Best Way to Study and Memorize 90% of Everything You Need to Learn Tips for StudentsDo you want to know how to learn faster? The acceleration of any learning process isn’t about spending more hours, but about maximizing the effectiveness of your actions. Since in this article we share with you the ways to learn faster and more efficiently, you will certainly benefit from reading it.Ways to Retain Most of the Information You LearnUnless you’re gifted with a photographic memory, you can’t naturally remember all the facts, experiences and pieces of information you encounter in your life. Therefore, you need to know the methods to make the learning process more effective. First of all, let’s take a look at the theory.Multiple studies show that humans can remember:5% from what they’ve heard10% from what they’ve read20% from what they’ve seen in a video50% from what they’ve discus sed in a group75% from what they’ve practiced90% from what they’ve used right away or taught othersIn the meantime, the most popular learning methods we tend to use are classroom lectures, books, and videos. As a result, we lose 80-95% of information immediately. How to fix this problem and how to memorize anything faster? It’s simple. Instead of focusing on passive methods of learning, pay maximum attention to the participatory methods. In this way, you’ll get a better result in less time.The ways to make this shift include:Speaking with native speakers, when learning a language, instead of reading books;Working with a personal trainer, when learning a sport, instead of watching workout videos;Finding a music teacher, when learning to play an instrument, instead of browsing YouTube.Okay, now you’re going to say that you lack either time or money for that. Everyone, including myself, has made this excuse at least once in a lifetime. Yes, I know that there are only 24 hours in every day. But what about young millionaires, motivation speakers, successful athletes, people who know 5 languages or can play 7 instruments â€" all of them don’t have any extra minute apart from these 24 hours. How do they manage to do all this? They know how to maximize their effectiveness and don’t waste their time on needless activities.You can spend much time on watching multiple short YouTube tutorials. But it won’t be as effective as taking private lessons, communicating and practicing with someone who knows how to do this. If you select the most efficient learning method from the very beginning, you can shave off months and even years of struggle with cheaper but much less effective alternatives.Use these studying tips to save your time in the long run. Make the most of what you have. Focus on the solutions that will have a maximum impact on your skill. Acquire new skills every day with the help of the most effective methods. Retain over 90% of what you learn for your success!

The Transition Process Is A Crucial Stage Of The Academic...

The transition process is a crucial stage in the academic life of students with disabilities. Parents and students both tend to experience many concerns, since it is a period in which student’s transit from the controlled environment of school to adult life and the possible hardships that accompanies it. As the students close this chapter of their life, certain services and supports that were provided in school continue to be necessary as they begin the new one. That is mainly why the effective transition of these students to adult life is the primary concern for both parents and the school districts. Initially, the Individual with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004 (IDEA) was authorized. This body of laws focuses on providing all students with disabilities a free and appropriate public education ( FAPE) that place importance on special education and services that is developed to meet the students individual needs and prepare them for adulthood (IDEA, 2004). In order to comply with the demands of IDEA, it is fundamental to grasp the significance of the transition planning in the lives of both students and their families (Test, Aspel, Everson, 2006). Etscheidt (2006) defined the transition services as group of activities that are established to provide positive outcomes that support student’s transition from school to post school. During the transition process a myriad of services that focus on higher education, employment, vocational training, communityShow MoreRelatedFamily Participation And Child Needs Special Education1509 Words   |  7 PagesParents are t heir child s best exponents. Parents know their children better than anyone else. That s why parent involvement play a crucial role when the child needs special education. This essay will discuss the importance of family participation and impacts of family participation in special education. Firstly, the essay will briefly describe what challenges special need children face, secondly, the essay will discuss key terms in the literature about the importance of family participation inRead MoreImproving Early Intervention : The Future Of Our Children Through Policy Change1582 Words   |  7 Pagesquestion that children with developmental delays or disabilities require extra attention to ensure that they are successful and independent adults in the future. Early intervention is a measure that is taken worldwide to achieve these goals and is based on the concept that cerebral plasticity is at its prime in the earlier stages of life [1]. The Early Intervention Program (EIP) in the United States was first created under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) in 1986. In New York StateRead MoreBest Practices in a Learning Skills and Algebra Classroom3355 Words   |  14 PagesSkills and Algebra Classroom Part A: Utilized Best Practices Since the beginning of the student teaching experience, multiple first-hand examples of best practices being utilized in the classroom in the area of instruction, assessment, and management have been demonstrated. These practices have led to growth in the students’ learning. Best practices are those classroom practices that focus on the student, are based on experience, and look at learning as holistic (Zemelman, 2005). They are basedRead MoreTransforming Life Stages and Special Needs Students3015 Words   |  13 PagesSpecial education students have a more difficult time transforming through the stages of the Life Span and Life Course Theories produced by Erik Erikson and Kohlberg, requiring extra help from teachers, parents, and volunteers who can provide the essential knowledge and positive examples. After knowing and understanding the theories produced by Kohlberg and Erikson researchers will have a better understanding of how humans develop and transform into new stages and what it takes for a person to moveRead MoreStrategies Of Effective Instructional Leadership1714 Words   |  7 Pagesinstructional leadership model plays a significant role in everyday’s life of an organization. They are usually responsible for the organizational aspects of an educational institution such as monitoring, managing, instructing, controlling, communicating which indirectly affect students’ learning. In fact, researchers have found that there was not a direct connection between the principals’ instructional leadership and students’ academic achievement (Bossert, Dwyer, Rowan, Lee,1982; Boyan, 1988; GlasmanRead MoreThe Effects Of Play On Children With Disabilities2510 Words   |  11 PagesAbstract Every child with disabilities needs play just like children without disabilities as this contributes to their physical, social, and emotional development. There are many reasons why children play and these include excitement, pleasure and learning. By playing, children get a chance to express themselves, but they can spend time with their parents. Through playing, children can learn how to deal with their own feelings, especially when to anger, sadness, and worry, to just name a few. TheRead MoreThe Appropriateness Of Technology Depends Upon Various Factors1987 Words   |  8 Pages INTERNAL RESEARCH ASSIGNMENT Name of the student: MANIKA GUPTA Enrollment No. : 04615903915 Course: MBA -II Batch: 2015-2017 Shift: MORNING Section: A Subject: MTIC Subject Code: MS-102 Topic of Assignment: APPROPRIATNESSRead MoreEducational Attainment And Mental Ability3126 Words   |  13 PagesAbility in Relation to the Environment [Name of institution] [Name of writer] Educational Attainment and Mental Ability in Relation to the Environment Introduction One of the most urgent problems of modern pedagogy is to prepare a person for life in the global information society of the future, which involves the training of its new types of literacy (readers, information, computer and media literacy), raising the intellectual level, the improvement of psychosocial health, the development ofRead MoreCurrent Issues Of Literacy By Jessica R. Smith Essay1827 Words   |  8 Pageswidespread implementation of the Common Core State Standards. The CCSS describes a set of standards in which school districts can use to identify what each student should know by the end of each grade level. Politicians, administrators, educators, and parents alike argue the necessity and validity of the system. Supporters suggest the CCSS is preparing students for future success. In contrast, opponents worry that proper implementation and accountability will not and cannot be properly enforced. There areRead MoreA Speech On Statesboro Middle School2795 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction Here at Statesboro Middle School, we believe that having committed educators, high expectations, a shared vision, adult advocates, family and community partnerships, and a positive school climate will impact our students and teachers in the best way possible. Below are ways that we, Statesboro Middle School, will accomplish being successful in all of the aspects previously mentioned. Committed Educators (Heaven) When hiring the future educators of our school we insure that our future

Women in the 1920s - 674 Words

â€Å"A woman is human. She is not better, wiser, stronger, more intelligent, more creative, or more responsible than a man. Likewise, she is never less. Equality is a given. A woman is human.†(Nazarian, 7) Women portrayed a prominent role in history. In the early 1920s womens roles where to stay at home to cook, clean, and take care of the children. However during World War 1 women were to go to work and produce war time essentials. They where also given the chance to vote, and this is when women began to be seen as equals. Women wanted to stand on equal ground with men. In the 1920s women started a new generation by the way they dressed, and acted in society. Women fought for individuality and wanted to be seen more as humans. In the 1920s women’s roles changed society, such that women now have a more prominent, unordinary role then before; which created a different view on women. The rules that women fought against changed society’s views on them forever. The role of an ordinary women before 1920s were for the women to stay at home, clean, cook and take care of the children. Women prior the war were unable to get decent jobs, they were seen as mens properties and did not have the right to vote. Some women were in the workforce but many jobs and professions were closed to them. Women were unable to be employed in any government position or a management position because they were considered to be appropriate for men only. Preparatory to the war, women were onlyShow MoreRelatedWomen in the 1920s802 Words   |  4 PagesWomen In The 1920s The lifestyle of women changed drastically in the 1920s. They gained liberties in all aspects such as marriage, politics, jobs and even self expression, along with various other features. Still limited, the liberties gained outweighed the restrictions that still occurred. This gave women the freedom needed and ability to show that they were independent and could stand on their own, making their own decisions. It started with a group of rebellious women known as flappers.Read MoreAmerican Women in the 19201617 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican Women in the 1920s The 1920s was a decade full of challenges, opportunities, and new outlooks on the world for American women. They experienced drastic changes in politics, education, and even within their own homes. The â€Å"new women† were independent, confident, and no longer afraid to fight for their rights. Being isolated in their own homes, getting married and having children was no longer the only option, and many women chose different life paths, whether it would be pursuing a careerRead MoreThe Women Of The 1920 S1125 Words   |  5 PagesSpecifically the women of the 1920’s created the most discussion. 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A widespread attitude was that womens roles and mens roles did not overlap, thisRead MoreWomen Of The 1920 S 19391305 Words   |  6 PagesWomen of the 1920’s-1939 The 1920’s was an era of dramatic political and cultural change, where many Americans lived in cities rather than farms. Many inventors came to be noticed as new cars were invented and as music entered the entertainment industry. A new style of music was invented mainly in the African American community, creating the Harlem Renaissance; which was an evolution of music and entertainment in Harlem, New York City. The women of America began to evolve in the 1920s, addingRead MoreAmerican Women 1920-19602526 Words   |  11 PagesThroughout history, society has classified women and their roles and potential within a given society. There have been reasons in the past for this fact, which have included religious oppression and portraying of their role. The initial idea of a women’s place being in the home taking care of the children and looking after the home, this is still common in today’s society. Women now have a new found ability to fulfill their dreams and have achieved an independence that few would have perceivedRead MoreChanging Roles Of Women During The 1920s1590 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1920s had a big impact on American life all around; however, one of the biggest changes during this time period was in the roles of women. During this time period, women started dressing different, leaving the house, getting jobs, and gaining rights. On top of all of that, they had a bigger role in education, they began taking parts in politics, and divorce became more of a common thing. This may not seem like a big deal to people today, but this was very important at the time. Prior, women hadRead MoreThe Role of Women in The 1920s Essay1497 Words   |  6 PagesUp until the 1920s, women’s struggle for their right to vote seemed to be a futile one. They had been fighting for their suffrage for a long time, starting numerous womens rights movements and abolitionist activists groups to achieve their goal. â€Å"The campaign for womenà ¢â‚¬â„¢s suffrage began in earnest in the decades before the Civil War. During the 1820s and 30s, most states had enfranchised almost all white males (â€Å"The Fight for Womens Suffrage† ). This sparked women to play a more emphatic role inRead MoreWomen s Rights Since The 1920s1343 Words   |  6 PagesWomen have been trying to assert their rights since the 1920s. Waging a war with men and society to not be dominant but to be equal. They wanted to have an equal wage and equal power. Feminisms was and still is a very real cause but the meaning of the word gets confused. It is for women to be treated like men are. 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Alcohol Abuse in the Work Place Free Essays

There are individuals suffering from too much stress or worry that would resort to drinking alcoholic beverages to calm their nerves . There is a feeling of relaxation upon taking alcoholic drinks and this is true with moderate amount of intake. Excessive drinking by employees will cause hangovers, a real   pain in the workplace. We will write a custom essay sample on Alcohol Abuse in the Work Place or any similar topic only for you Order Now Heavy drinkers employees is an expensive problem for many business   and industries worldwide brought by their absenteeism. The losses includes productivity, injuries and additional claims on health insurance. The moderate amount of alcoholic   drinks like a   single or two glasses   of wine, a shot of vodka, beer, whiskey or   whatever drinks with alcohol can relax an employee after work but the excess intake maybe a defense against   life problem. Alcoholic abuse become an issue and a serious one in the workplace. When an employee was   hooked into alcoholic drinks, he cannot face the day without alcoholic drink even early in the morning, cannot attend   a social or professional meeting, conceal how many bottles he drank or in denial about his drinking. The cycle   of excessive   alcoholic drinking   will continue   that will   lead   to job   loss, financial worries, loneliness, divorce and may even jeopardized   a marriage relationship (Bartholomew 89). Many of the excessive alcohol drinkers doesn’t realize that   their vicious cycle of   drinking can create a feeling of depression And   they can only overcome the feeling by   drinking and drinking until there is a feeling   of numbness. Further depression leads to   increase intake of alcoholic drinks. Alcoholic   abuse at workplace   will be explored and analyzed to understand the reasons, symptoms   and possible plan of actions to correct and prevent excessive   drinking. This study   will be of significance to many individuals who are currently hooked with alcoholisms, students of social sciences, families and relatives of alcoholic drinkers and the entire society. Discussion Every individual have a choice if they   want to have   alcoholic addiction. Alcoholic abuse in the workplace   does not only harm   the excessive drinker but   threatens   the company   and co-employees safety , affects   their job   performance and result to great loss in productivity (Lehman 88). The immediate superior and co-workers   of alcoholic employee are into an awkward   position to decide whether to report their   alcoholism or to cover up their mistakes. There   are circumstances that   employees does not drink at   the   workplace but   prior to work reporting   were   already   equipped   with full tank of alcoholic drinks inside his body, this will   definitely affect   the   individual’s job performance, prone to accident and became less productive. The workload are not accomplished on time and other employees are affected by work backlogs. There are many signs and symptoms that an employee is into alcoholism while at workplace such as unexplained, prolonged and frequent absences, prone to accidents while out or in at work, reduced productivity, overreactions to criticisms, suspicious of other workers, erratic work patterns, hard to conceal hangovers   in the   morning, indifference with   personal hygiene, exhausted easily, slurred speech and  Ã‚   unsteady walking. The signs of physical deterioration and loss in productivity are prominent. There are circumstances that   other co-workers who covered up the alcoholic drinkers, lend them money   and   patched their work load (Bartholomew 89). This instance will not be of help to alcoholic drinker at the workplace for they have all the chance to continue their bad habits of drinking. Other co-workers will attempt to handle the situation of alcoholic employee and will not seek assistance or advice from qualified personnel of the company. This act of co-worker is not enough to correct the alcoholics from their vices and it is advisable to report their co-worker (Shinderman 65).. The threat   of losing his job is present but it may be the other way around, he may intend to seek help from qualified personnel and correct the wrongdoings. The employers of alcoholic drinkers have much larger problems than their afflicted employee and it is detrimental to the company’s productivity. Absenteeism for employees under the influence of alcohols have higher percentage than other employees, prone to claim more sickness benefits and account that intoxicated people are   more prone to   accidents at workplace. The incident of alcoholism was not limited to lower level workers but even those employees in rank positions are prone to alcoholism (Lehman 86). Taking steps   in assisting the alcoholic drinkers at workplace is significant in preventing their addiction to   alcohol and possible remedial action that would not only beneficial to the employee but as   well as   to their co-workers and families. The workplace is one of the community’s vital component in changing the attitudes of alcoholic abuse victims towards an intoxicated consumption of alcoholic drinks (Bartholomew 91). Paying   close attention to   alcohol abusive employees   of   the company is an approach to warn the alcoholics that a company can enforce action against   alcohol abuse. Interventions by   employers such as   talking   directly to   alcohol   intoxicated   employee and informing them of possible   actions for their   misdeeds can improve the rate of recovering from alcoholism. Alcoholism can be   regarded as a health issue   but at   the same time is an integrity issue in the corporate world. By helping an alcoholic employee at workplace is a plan to restore the confidence of the company and the employee himself. Creating positive changes in workplace will only happen with alcohol-free policies, programs and possible consequences at workplace. Improving the worker’s environment will provide benefit to every one at in the workplace (Lehman 89). A clear message that employee’s alcoholism is not only his problem but the entire company’s problem and working together to solve alcoholic abuse will be one of the best course of actions. Various conditions and situations accompanied alcohol abuse, an example is an alcoholic employee with mood swings and depression   and its can be observed when he is having difficulty to focus on his work and meet   their schedules. Outburst of temper, restlessness, poor attention to details, impatience, tolerance to boredom, disorganized thoughts and working table, impaired concentration, procrastination, inability for relaxation and no follow through are symptoms that an employee is into alcoholism. Alcohol abuse is a kind of psychological disorder with an individual’s difficulty to control the excessive intake of alcohol with recurrent negative outcomes. The amount and frequency of alcohol intake may differ from one individual to another but the pre-occupation with alcohol with negative effects matters. The urbanization of a society explain the theory that alcohol has been discovered and utilized as replacement for unclean water reservoir   and it is not surprising that there are individuals with high alcohol tolerance (Bartholomew 94). The range of alcohol abuse damage   the different aspects of an individual life and possibly others. The overabundance of alcohol will have an impact on the physical aspect of an employee such as cirrhosis of the liver, alcohol dementia, heart disease, sexual dysfunction and even death. In social aspect, the impact of alcohol abuse includes jeopardy in marriage, divorce and anti-social behavior because of alienated consideration by the society. In terms of economic, there is a possibility of losing one’s employment, poor judgment, incapacity to pay the living quarters and financial difficulties. Alcohol abuse may also have legal consequences when an individual was charges for public disorders or driving under the influence of liquor (Lehman 85). The emotional consequences of alcohol abuse will damage the relationship to their children when father or head of the family is the alcoholic, chance for verbal abuse to his coworkers and family members and lose of one’s self respect. How to cite Alcohol Abuse in the Work Place, Papers

Case Study of Pan Pacific Perth-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Case Study of Pan Pacific Perth, Australia. Answer: Introduction: Overview of the company: Pan Pacific Hotels and Resorts are the luxury hotels, resort and suites operating across Asia, North America and Oceania. The hotel is headquartered at Singapore. The Pan Pacific Hotels became the founding member of the Global Hotel Alliance and became the independent hotel brand that is spread in over 76 countries (Olafsen et al., 2015). Pan Pacific Perth is a 5 star luxury hotel in Sydney, Australia well known for the customer service and the good experience that the visitors enjoy during their stay in the Hotel. Objectives and scope of the report: The main objectives of the report re: To identify the major issues and challenges faced by the management of the organisation in the recent time To critically analyse the factors that hampers the productivity of the organisation To recommend better managerial implementation strategies that would improve the problems and challenges faced by the organisation. The scope of the report is to recommend better managerial decision making to the management of the organisation that the organisation will be able to improve its business activity that in turn will help to increase the productivity and profitability of the organisation (Nie et al., 2015). In order to do so, a detailed analysis of the problems and issues faced by the organisation will be taken into account and the best suitable solution will be proposed that would eventually help in improving the present situation of the hotel. Problem background and problem definition: Issues faced by the organisation: It has been observed that the 5 start hotel is facing issues in terms of employee handling. The rate of employee turnover has increased in the recent time. Employee turnover is the percentage of workers who leave an organisation and are replaced by the new employees. It results in the loss to the company because the cost of hiring of new employees is directly added to the budget of the company (Lazaroiu, 2015). If effort is made to retain the old employees and the existing employees, it actually adds to the productivity of an organisation. Analysis of root cause: Brainstorming cause and effect: Fig: Cause effect diagram of the organisational issue (Source: As created by the author) The reasons found behind the increasing rate of turnover of the employees are related to the job pressure and lesser motivational factors like low salary or poor incentive structures to the employees. It has also been observed that the employees are not given proper leaves or enough time for their leisure (Mostafa et al., 2015). Their hard work is never paid in a proper and just way. All these instances have created the bigger problems in the organisation resulting in higher rate of turnover. Stakeholders affected: With the decline in the motivational aspect of the employees, it has been observed that many employees leave the job that increases the rate of employee turnover. In such cases, both the internal and external stakeholders will be affected. For instance, the cost to the company has increased when it comes to hiring new employees. New employees need to be trained to improve their performance (Gupta Shaw, 2014). This also results in more expenditure of the company. In addition to this, changes in the employees of the organisation will also result in poor customer service because hotel industry is hospitality based industry and consumers always prefer to be served the best as per their demand. Thus, increased rate of employee turnover will affect both internal and external stakeholders (Boxall, Hutchison Wassenaar, 2015). Solution generation: Shields et al, (2015) revealed a number of strategies that can be undertaken by an organisation in order to overcome the issues with employee turnover rate. It has been found that competitive salary and benefits are the primary ways of overcoming the issue of employee turnover. However, monetary benefits are not the only way of overcoming the issues of employee turnover. There are other means to tackle the distress and these can be mentioned below. Hiring the right people and removing people who do not fit: The very primary step to remove the issue of employee turnover is to hire the right people who are fit for the job in terms of every single aspect. It is important to understand the take point of each employee and understand their capability (Wallace et al., 2016). As soon as their capability is recognised, the employees are required to segregate according to their performance and as soon as they are found to be incapable of their performance, the employees need to be removed. It is very important to keep those employees who suit the need of the organisation to reduce the rate of employee turnover. Providing necessary compensation and benefits: No employee should only be given monetary benefits but there should be other means of compensation of their hard work. In doing so, it is recommended that the employees should be rewarded accordingly in terms of rewards and recognition (Call, Nyberg Thatcher, 2015). In other ways, the employees should also be given the flexibility in their work to make them comfortable in their respective genres of work. Providing opportunities for development and growth: The employees should be assured that they have good future in the organisation that they are working for. For such cases, it is important that the deserved employees should be promoted to a higher designation. This gives them the feeling that they are not unwanted and that if they work better, there is always the scope of improvement and development in the particular organisation that they are working for (Lau Roopnarain, 2014). Mind mapping: Fig: Mind mapping for improving employee turnover (Source: As created by the author) It is expected that better management policies are to be designed that would improve the condition at the workplace and would eventually motivate the employees to work with the organisation. It is only by the means of motivating the employees by various means, the rate of turnover of the employees can be reduced (Vidyarthi, Anand Liden, 2014). It is important to look into their perspective as well because they are the ones on which the entire work of the organisation is depended. Solution evaluation: It has to be understood that there is not only one factor that results in the turnover of the employees but there are many. Likewise, the approach to improve the condition of the organisation needs to be made in different direction so that the employees could easily relate themselves with the solutions and can be motivated. Among the above proposed solutions, the best suited solution is the incentive based monetary benefits to be given to the employees of the organisation. In this way, there will be the opportunity from the management to ask the employees to work more, given that they will be paid for the extra effort they put (Graves, Sarkis Zhu, 2013). In this way, the various issues and problems faced by the organisation can be removed easily. In addition to this, none of the employees should be forced to do any kind of extra activity. In fact, when they will be given the extra benefits and compensation on the work that they do, it will stimulate them to work more for the company (Vidyarthi, Anand Liden, 2014). That in turn will increase the productivity of the organisation. For the hospitality industry as well, this is the most suitable form of employee motivation technique that can be used. Decision matrix: Criteria A Criteria B Criteria C Criteria D Solution 1: Motivating the employees Better communication with the employees Providing rewards and benefits Providing flexibility in terms of working hour Better rewards and recognition of employees Solution 2: Incentive based salary structure Incentives to be given apart from the fixed salary Timely appraisals of the employees Retention bonus to be given to reduce rate of turnover Hike in position of the existing employees Table: The decision matrix (Source: As created by the author) Implementation and action plan: The idea of motivating the employees by providing them monetary benefits could be the best possible solution to overcome the issue. In order to implement the plan, an action plan can be set that would make it easier for the management to follow. The action is made for the coming 3 months or 12 weeks. It is expected that if this plan is followed, the organisation will be benefitted to motivate the employees. The action plan: Activities Week 1 Week 2-4 Week 5-6 Week 7-9 Week 10-11 Week 12 Communicating the plan Making the lists of the employees falling in different categories and communicating the same Start of the program Keeping a track of the entire process Taking feedback from the employees Make any necessary changes in required Thinking about better solution to the problems Table: The Action Plan to implement new program (Source: As created by the author) The idea for control of the plan can be done by carrying out an employee satisfaction survey among the existing employees of the organisation. This would help them to understand the present situation of the plan that has been implemented. Accordingly, certain changes can also be made on the plan. Conclusion: A detailed analysis of the issues and problems faced by the organisation has been carried on in the study. It has been found that the hotel is facing issues related to the higher rate of employee turnover. It should be the part of the managerial implication to come up with better approach that would eventually help the organisation to retain their employees. With the evaluation, it has been found that the best suitable means would be motivating the employees by giving them good incentives and quality life that would make them feel wanted in their particular designation. The plan could be easily implemented within 3 months time. It is expected that the hotel would improve its business activities if these are followed by the team of management. References: Boxall, P., Hutchison, A., Wassenaar, B. (2015). How do high-involvement work processes influence employee outcomes? An examination of the mediating roles of skill utilisation and intrinsic motivation.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,26(13), 1737-1752. Call, M. L., Nyberg, A. J., Thatcher, S. (2015). Stargazing: An integrative conceptual review, theoretical reconciliation, and extension for star employee research.Journal of Applied Psychology,100(3), 623. Graves, L. M., Sarkis, J., Zhu, Q. (2013). How transformational leadership and employee motivation combine to predict employee proenvironmental behaviors in China.Journal of Environmental Psychology,35, 81-91 Gupta, N., Shaw, J. D. (2014). Employee compensation: The neglected area of HRM research.Human Resource Management Review,24(1), 1-4. Lau, C. M., Roopnarain, K. (2014). The effects of nonfinancial and financial measures on employee motivation to participate in target setting.The British accounting review,46(3), 228-247. Lazaroiu, G. (2015). Employee Motivation and Job Performance.Linguistic and Philosophical Investigations,14, 97. Mostafa, A. M. S., Gould?Williams, J. S., Bottomley, P. (2015). High?performance human resource practices and employee outcomes: the mediating role of public service motivation.Public Administration Review,75(5), 747-757. Nie, Y., Chua, B. L., Yeung, A. S., Ryan, R. M., Chan, W. Y. (2015). The importance of autonomy support and the mediating role of work motivation for well?being: Testing self?determination theory in a Chinese work organisation.International Journal of Psychology,50(4), 245-255. Olafsen, A. H., Halvari, H., Forest, J., Deci, E. L. (2015). Show them the money? The role of pay, managerial need support, and justice in a self?determination theory model of intrinsic work motivation.Scandinavian journal of psychology,56(4), 447-457. Shields, J., Brown, M., Kaine, S., Dolle-Samuel, C., North-Samardzic, A., McLean, P., ... Plimmer, G. (2015).Managing Employee Performance Reward: Concepts, Practices, Strategies. Cambridge University Press. Vidyarthi, P. R., Anand, S., Liden, R. C. (2014). Do emotionally perceptive leaders motivate higher employee performance? The moderating role of task interdependence and power distance.The Leadership Quarterly,25(2), 232-244. Wallace, J. C., Butts, M. M., Johnson, P. D., Stevens, F. G., Smith, M. B. (2016). A multilevel model of employee innovation: Understanding the effects of regulatory focus, thriving, and employee involvement climate.Journal of Management,42(4), 982-1004.

Evil In Dante And Chaucer Essays - Divine Comedy, Afterlife, Italy

Evil in Dante and Chaucer We in the twentieth century would be much more hard-pressed to define evil than would people of either Chaucer's or Dante's time. Medieval Christians would have a source for it -- Satan -- and if could easily devise a series of ecclesiastical checklists to test its presence and its power. In our secular world, evil has come down to something that hurts people for no explicable reason: the bombing of the Federal Building in Oklahoma City, the burning of black churches in the South. We have taken evil out of the hands of Satan, and placed it in the hands of man. In doing so, we have made it less absolute, and in many ways less real. Nonetheless, it must be recognized that in earlier times evil was not only real but palpable. This paper will look at evil as it is portrayed in two different works -- Dante's Divine Comedy, and Chaucer's Canterbury Tales -- and analyze what the nature of evil meant to each of these authors. The Divine Comedy is an epic poem in which the author, Dante, takes a visionary journey through Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise. The purpose of Dante's visit to Hell is to learn about the true nature of evil. He is guided in this journey by the ghost of the Roman classical poet Virgil, who, as wise in the ways of the spirit as he may be, cannot go to Heaven because he is not a Christian. Virgil's experience in the underworld, however, make him an authority on its structure, and he is more than willing to share his knowledge with Dante in order that Dante might return to life and share his revelations with others. In Hell Dante is presented with insight into the nature of evil, which, he is told, has to be seen and experienced to be understood. At any rate, only after having looked the Devil in the face and seen for himself the horror, the stupidity, and the self-destructiveness of Hell, is Dante ready to move out of the Inferno and back up toward the light of God's love. Dante conceived of Hell as a cone-shaped hole, terraced into seven concentric "rings". The uppermost level, Limbus, actually is not a Hell at all, but merely an abode for good people born into the culture of Christianity but who themselves had never been baptized, as well as those born before the time of Christ. Below Limbus, however, the rings of Hell yawn deeper and deeper, and the torments grow more severe, ending at the bottom with a frozen lake which is the abode of Satan himself. Each different type of sin merits its own ring. The unfortunate inhabitants of each ring and pouch and section of Hell receive a different

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Helen Keller - Essay Example Unlike Helen Keller, I have taken language for granted, thinking that it is just a part of being human and that it is nothing really special. However, reading her account of how her teacher Anne Sullivan laboriously taught her the magic of language revealed to me that language is a gift. Helen was very enthusiastic to learn more about language: "Everything had a name, and each name gave birth to a new thought" (71). I think I can never really recall how I slowly learn to understand the meaning of language. All I know is that, as an infant, I might have solely relied to non-verbal communication to relay my message to my mother and caregiver. It was not until I was two or three that I have learned to associate words with their meanings. This new discovery might not have been that amazing or exciting to me. The value and appreciation of language came later in my life. Personal experiences taught me how language really liberates an individual and brings good things to other people. I have faced a number of disappointments and failures. During these situations, I have relied on language to pour out my anger and frustrations.

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Book review on Iacocca An Autobiography

Book review on Iacocca An Autobiography The title of the book is Iacocca: An Autobiography is completely in accordance with its content in it, as the author describes his whole life story by himself. Author The author of the book is Lee Iacocca who was the former president of Ford Motor Corporation and the former chairman and CEO of Chrysler Corporation. His major contributions in history of auto business is that of giving a new life to chrysler by saving it from near bankruptcy and putting it back on track of success. Starting Pages The book also has Acknowledgements page, accompanied by Introduction to the paperback Edition. Then it is followed by An Opening Word and before the author starts his story there is Prologue. Special Features This book specifically does not have any special features, but it does got pictures, and caricatures in it. All of the pictures are in black and white. Number of Pages The book has a total of three hundred and sixty five pages. This much amount of pages makes it a decent, light weight handy book and the reader comfortably can carry it easily. Number of Chapters This book has twenty eight long chapters and one epilogue in it. Size of Paragraphs About the size of paragraphs is concerned, it has a mixture of short as well as long paragraphs. Price About the price of this book, if we rate it on international level or for readers of United States it is $7.99 and for Canadians it is $ 10.99 which is a good price tag. On the other, if one would see its price for Pakistani readers though it is Rs. 400 but to me it is still very expensive. Publisher This book is published by Bantam Books, a division of Random House, Inc. Its trademark, consisting of the words Bantam Books and the Portrayal of a rooster, is registered in US. Patent and Trademark office and in other countries. Marca Registrada. Bantam Books, New York, New York. ISBN The ISBN of this book is 0-553-25147-3. By using this very number one can easily get this book from anywhere in the globe. Genre of Book The genre of this book is non-fiction and based on true story of the writers life. Here, all the events and happenings were revealed as it is by a single person. First Book or Second This Autobiography is writers first book, which tells us about his fabulous career and life. His second book is Where Have all the Leaders Gone. Therefore, till now the author has penned down a total of two amazing books. Target Audience This book is written for people from all walks of life, from business students to business managers. Yet, the book focuses to cars, because the writers profession and passion was auto industry business. But still as this book has no scientific formulas, technical works, and methods, so one can easily read it and enjoy what this book is all about. Edition This is the second edition of this book Iacocca: An autobiography. It is called the paperback edition and it was out in the market for readers in July of 1986, where as, the first one was called the hardcover edition and it came out for the readers in November 1984. PURPOSE OF WRITING:- The authors purpose behind writing this book is not to get royalty money from the publishers or to show off his achievements at Ford, how he had rescued Chrysler from bankruptcy and run the affairs successfully. Instead of this above all, Iacoccas purpose to help out all the present and future business graduates in various types of problems and difficulties they have to face when they start their jobs. The writer firmly believes that when this book will assist those young brains in solving their matters, only then it would satisfy my conscience of doing something positive, productive and worth to read. AUTHORS STYLE:- The writing style of author in this book is formal. If one assess the quality of writing used here is of worth mentioning. The speaker has beautifully maintained the linkages of all the way from sentence to sentence and paragraphs to paragraphs and then chapters at larger level. The vocabulary of the book is easily comprehendible and has used no jargons in it. As far as the description is concerned, here too the writer carefully revealed everything in a step by step form so the reader while going through it cannot be detracted. Especially, in autobiographies such things ought to be given a fair amount of importance. Where upon, the details given in this book is completely a self-narration and does not contain any incorrect information which did not happened in writers whole life. AT FORD:- Before moving towards the book review it is important to recall the summary and what happened in the first part of this autobiography, this covers the writers life at Ford. So in the summary part one already read that author started his journey of career at Ford as a salesman and passed through a stage when he was a novice and had to learn all about his job. He learned various types of selling tactics and practiced them. During this initial span of his career he came across many good mentors and Lee was influenced by them a lot. Moving a head in his career and became an expert in sales field he decided to give himself a break and tied the knot. When the writer was part of companys top management and became General Manager of the Ford Division he was a stranger to everybody. At this point in life, he planned to do something big; with this thought and ambition Iacocca used his skills, knowledge and gave the world Mustang. This first jewel to his name made Lee a known from the unknown. The narrator, also gave two very fine cars to Ford namely as Fiesta and Mark III. Here at Ford when Lee was president and giving an annual turnover of $ 2 Billion to the company. On the other, such a profit though was coming to the organization, and making Iacocca famous and boosting its image among its competitors. But this thing and repute of Lee made Henry Ford to think exactly the opposite. Henry took this as a direct threat to his throne because everybody eyed Iacocca as their real leader and started disliking Lee. All hatred ends up in firing Iacocca from president ship. Therefore the story of writer at Ford lasts to this day. Now we will be looking at the second part of the book, which tells us about the writers story at Chrysler. AT CHRYSLER:- To reveal the Chrysler days it is better to go and explore first what events took place in writers life when he was eventually picked up by the Chrysler people. When Lee left Ford, he got a job in a warehouse, where he only stayed for few hours. In fact, these couple of hours forced him not to give up at any cost. Leave all the negatives aside and picked up only the positives and move ahead. The humiliation of being at an ordinary office right after serving as a president of a great company for so many years. There, he decided to fight back with his life and that results into reaching at the top in Chrysler Motor Corporation. Here I would like to quote Lees words as it is from the book which goes as there are times in every ones life when something constructive is born out of adversity. There are times when things seem so bad that you have got to grab your fate by the shoulders and shake it. I am convinced it was that morning at the warehouse that pushed me to take on the presidency of Chrysler only couple of weeks later. The writer before becoming boss of Chrysler was offered many jobs from other companies but none of them was from the auto industry. These were all the way from international paper, Lockheed, Charles Tandy and business school of NYU. (New York University). But lee wasnt satisfied upon these offerings, because cars were his only world, and he cant think of joining to any other profession. He is of the view that all business skills are not interchangeable at any level. The reason behind his this philosophy should only pursue that line or profession in which he/she had and has a grasp over it. Where one is a pro and not somebody who is alienated to the field and job. Thats why when he declined these non-autos industry jobs a renowned French car maker Renault, offered Iacocca the post of their Global Head of Automotive Consultant. Where upon, Lee rejected their offer, because though the job was from an auto industry, but it was not that one in which he got expertise. He refused them solel y of the fact that in this consultant job he never be able to give his best. Iacocca later wanted to form a consortium of car companies which he named as Global Motors. His intention was to build a fabulous consortium, would be based in Europe other in Japan and lastly in the US. This was all planned to break the monopoly of GM, which they have maintained from several years. Yet, this project wont work because of American Antitrust Laws. After that event, Lee learned that in the circles of auto industry there might be a possibility that Chrysler will pick him up for its very important post. And they are in need of someone who has great potential to lead and cope with any kind of difficulty. Thereby, after some time Lee was approached by the board members of Chrysler, who held couple of unofficial meetings with him which ended up in offering a job at their company. Iacocca in his heart decided that this time he would only accept the number one man position in Chrysler. So, he informed the Chryslers top management about his this plan where upon they told Iacocc a that his route of becoming the boss will be a bit different. At first he was made the president and afterwards became the chairman CEO of Chrysler on January 1st 1980. Till now we have learned that writers journey at Chrysler has just started. What is ahead of him will be revealed in the next heading. BEGINNING OF ANOTHER JOURNEY:- When the author officially joined his office at Chrysler, the same day his organization declared its losses of about $160 million. This was surely a bad coincidence with a human and the company itself. So, the beginning of narrators of another journey wasnt a good one. Problems Ahead The narrator here will discuss what were those problems regarding organization which he had faced during his tenure at Chrysler. These are enlisted below. A, Discipline. B, Functionality. C, Lack of Cohesion interaction between departments. D, No Meeting System. E, Management Structure (Planning Projecting). F, Financial matters. G, No team. H, Lousy and vehicle for an older guys car and considered boring too. I, Bad morale and deteriorating factories. J, Inappropriate placements of the work force. K, Security leaks. L, Manufacturing Quality. M, Purchasing. N, Sales and Marketing. Now well move to the next chapter and see what the speaker had for us to share and learn. THE DAY THE SHAH LEFT TOWN:- The title of this chapter reveals the same as its name goes, because the narrator here meant Shah Left Town to Mohammad Reza Pahlavi the Shah of Iran who was thrown out from his throne on January 1979 in an Islamic Revolution lead by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. Here the question popped up in ones mind that what this exit of Shah had to do with America, its economy and specifically with Chrysler. Why the writer dedicated a full chapter depicting the aftermath of his departure. The reason behind all this was that, till 1979 Iran was under heavy American influence and Shah with their help made Iran quite liberal and develops its infrastructure. Along with that, Iran before the revolution was one of the greatest oil suppliers to US. Therefore, when Shah left and Khomeini took over he stopped not only providing them oil but also the diplomatic relations with the US. Thereby, in this chapter writer describes the effects of extra organizational stressors on Chryslers business which is as follows: Irans 1979 revolution ousting Shah of Iran. Prices of gas were doubled. Energy crisis. Chryslers market share gone down to 8 percent. Recession. Owners loyalty. Rumors of Chryslers demise. Out of these above problems, the main were gas price and recession. The reason was simple that cars run on oil. People therefore stopped buying their big cars with low fuel efficiency. The Recreational vehicles (RVs) and vans were two models of Chrysler cars which got affected from the gas fare. Even the parts of the cars like chassis and engines too were affecters of such a crisis. The thing which further harmed and destroyed US auto industry was that people started buying Japanese small cars instead of the Americans. Here, GM (General Motors) survived by selling their new car model called X-body. They were also successful in selling another model which was Chevrolet Citation. So, the story of boom in small cars business continues on when an analysis was done between the market share of small versus big cars. They found that in year 1979 in a period of merely five months the small cars took 58 percent of market share and the sales of vans was gone down to 42 percent. Here, when Chrysler wants to build small vehicles and try their luck in this category unfortunately the recession broke out in the country. The writer mentioned that the annual rate of sales was dropped to nearly half. After reading the above figures the narrator decided to go for an overhaul of the company in order to bring it in a stable position. For that, Chrysler initially closed its few plants and by doing this they also seek help from their suppliers and informed them from our every move. In fact if one keep on closing production units then for what good reason the suppliers will give Chrysler parts to manufacture their current and future products. To lower the cost more and avoid keeping the parts at the factorys inventory (a shop where all goods are stocked) Lee devised a new system called just in time meaning all those parts which are required to assemble car arrived from supplier when they have to manufacture and will be off from the production line when it is built, so no need of putting the parts in an inventory. Iacocca kept on cutting cost from where ever he could so he can run the company. He did this even when they sent the annual report of 1979 to the shareholders of the company. Instead of printing it on a thick good paper, Lee ordered to print it on a plain white paper written in black ink. This decision was to show the shareholders that in times of crisis, Chrysler remained within its resources and didnt opt for any wasteful step. Later on, when the company is in a desperate need of money Lee sold out the business which was expanded in overseas. He kept their operations to the US, Canada and Mexico. After this measure the money they got wasnt sufficient at all, there Iacocca decided to sell Chryslers tank division to General Dynamics. In the end of this chapter the writer said that, all those above decisions he took was necessary to brought Chrysler out of the ditch. Whereupon, to him he believed that the most unimaginable and painful deed was to lay off thousands of employees. But this act gave him a lesson that, if one has to run a large company and has limited number of employees then this would be very easy to do so than with lots of people in the company. The writer while finishing wishes that, competitors of Chrysler would never learn this lesson otherwise their profit will be lessened. DRASTIC MEASURES : GOING TO THE GOVERNMENT:- To save Chrysler from bankruptcy Lee asked government to help them in this matter. He approached the rich Arabs to do the same, but of no use. Later, Volkswagen the German giant car maker agreed on a merges with Chrysler. Unfortunately when they read our balance sheet, so they refused for the merger. The reason behind this failure of merger was that Chrysler had made no money and in severe debt. Eventually, Iacocca went for proper government assistance for giving them Loan Guarantees. They plan not to plead for such a guarantee. Here, this initiative was taken up by the outgoing Chairman John Ricardo. He explained the government about Chryslers current sick condition and asked to give a two year freeze on government regulations (meaning by law to control any business activity or a process) but none gave a kind ear to it. For governments bad safety and emission controls system he suggested a combined research and development program. He stressed that our aim is not to steal any compan ys good and cheap way of controlling emissions instead they should sell it to the needy. In this statement of Lee the government listened them and realized that our antitrust laws are never be competitive with Japanese, till someone would reform those laws. Instead of doing anything regarding formation of new competitive laws government signed collaboration between Toyota General Motors. According to the antitrust laws all the motor companies namely General Motors, Ford, American Motors and Chrysler ought to work in chunks in order to fix the same problems. On the other, Ricardo once again seeks government help for a freeze on regulations but the result came out in a NO. After seeing this behavior he asked them to give a refundable tax credit. Meaning the money Chrysler spends on qualifying for governments safety and pollution standards will be refunded to the company. The writer says that our company wasnt the first who asked for such a relief. In the past car makers like American Motors, Volkswagen, Renault, and General Motors already benefited by the taxes. Over there Ricardo, in wake of getting any support for loan guarantee one more time returned to government, whereupon his efforts werent of any use. The writer here explains that though Ricardo was a nice human being, yet he was a short tempered and not good at communication skills and Congressmen never liked such traits in any human. Later, on one fine day the writer learned that G. William Miller who previously holds the post of chairman of the Federal Reserve Board. In fact in America the State Bank of the country is called the Federal Reserve. So, now Miller becomes the treasury secretary here, Iacocca shares a strange aspect of Millers personality. When he was serving as chairman at Federal Reserve Board. He told to Ricardo that Chrysler would go for bankruptcy instead of government help. On the other, when he moved to his new post, he declared that government must help Chrysler. Afterwards he accept the proposal of Tax Credit but informed Chrysler people that to seek such type of assistance they have to rolled out a complete plan of survival to the government. The writer got no choice except going to government. In this regard he learned that a British Car Company Leyland took government support but after that the company never recovered. But still Lee filed an application for government loan guarantee. Before appearing in front of Congress Iacocca did his homework. This homework was about to know that in past how many companies are there which had been benefited from such a loan. There, speaker found that organizations that already got this loan were all the way from aircraft to City of New York and from housing to subway of Washington DC. In this research Lee found one very shocking thing that, till now government had given $409 billion in loans and loan guarantees were outstanding. While ending this chapter Iacocca describes that when Chrysler put up their case to government, it gave him a feeling that in government there was no person who remember those previously given loan guarantees to the above mentioned companies. SHOULD CHRYSLER BE SAVED? Yes, this question has become the question of town. This chapter revolves around the inappropriate attitude of senators, congressmen, businessmen, business leaders and other stake holders against the Federal Loan to Chrysler. In fact to save the company Lee requested the government to give them $1 Billion loan guarantee. The first refusal came from General Motors Tom Murphy and Citi Corporations (Citibank) Walter Wriston. Then National Association of manufacturers, policy committee of the business Round table too spoke bitter words for our company. Iacocca blamed the government for Chryslers current bad condition, especially government regulations and its unequal effects. But along with governments role Lee believed that previous managements inability to rectify various problems too brought them in this position. These problems were like, producing cars on basis of speculation, their decision of taking Chrysler to foreign markets, and lastly doing business of used cars. Instead of su ch doing things they ought to focus on quality of Chrysler cars. When Lee started appearing before Congress, he straight away informed them that Regulations was the first and last element which made Chrysler to beg for loan. In the end of this chapter Lee shares that American people is of the view that Chrysler had received $1 billion in cash which they never had to pay it back. CHRYSLER GOES TO CONGRESS:- In this chapter Iacocca talks about lot of things including passing of $1 billion loan, repaying it, and series of appearances before Congress and Senate committee etc. The speaker describes that this whole process of hearing was a gigantic task. In fact the layout of those hearing rooms forced the witness to first look up and then answers the questioner, because members of the committee sit at a semicircular table which was few feet above the floor. Before moving on to Chryslers hearing in Senate and Congress, here it is important to learn the so called allegations and scolding done by committee members. These were as below: A, Sins of management. B, Lack of foresightness for not building 30 miles per gallon as Japanese did. C, Not prepared for the aftermath of Shah of Iran. D, Not prepared for the screwed up fuel allocation, result in riots at gas stations. E, Chrysler missed the market and deserved punishment. Punishments:- They were held up in front of the whole world for asking government help. Disgraced on editorial pages, by cartoonists who painted Chrysler into the grave. In public places their wives and children became the target of jokes. Now one would see the relation about the passing of loan guarantee from writers eye. Iacocca, made his first appearance before the House Subcommittee on Economic Stabilization of the Committee of Banking, Finance and Urban affairs on October 18th, 1979. The writer explains the committee about Chryslers present condition and the exact words from book are I began my testimony by stating our case very simply. I am sure you know that I do not speak alone here today. I speak for the hundreds of thousands of people whose livelihood depends on Chrysler remaining in business. It is that simple. Our one hundred forty thousand employees and their dependents, our forty seven hundred dealers and their one hundred fifty thousand employees who sell and service our products, our nineteen thousand suppliers, and the two hundred fifty thousand people on their payrolls, and of course, the families and dependents of all those constituents. Lee made it clear to the committee that guarantees loan is not to receive an official gift from the Carters government (Jimmy Carter was the 39th President of the United States from January 20, 1977  Ã‚  January 20, 1981). Instead, Chrysler will pay back each cent and dollar of this loan including its interest. When the Loan Guarantee Act was passed, after few weeks the Republicans (name of political party in America) came to power. On the other hand, in this whole event Democrats (name of another political party in America) were in the government. But these Republicans talked very negative about giving loan to Chrysler. And that was the point where Lee realized that he should now start favoring the Democrats. The speaker describes that at the time of their companys bad condition if Democrats wasnt in government then Chrysler wouldnt have any existence today. The $ 1.2 billion dollar of loan was passed exactly before the Christmas and surely this Christmas had really given a priceless gift to all those people who were associated with Chrysle r. In the end the narrator reveals that Chrysler paid back their loan seven years early from the given time. Along with that they paid taxes of millions of dollars and fee of the Loan Guarantee Board. Last but not the least the opponents of their company too said that government loan given to Chrysler was a very noble idea. EQUALITY OF SACRIFICE:- From the title of this chapter the writer meant everyone has to sacrifice on basis of equality whether you are a Head of the company or a Worker. He further explained that though they need the loan desperately. But what really worked and brought Chrysler back on its feet was a team effort and cooperation. In fact the real story of Chryslers survival started now, because that loan Guarantee Act requires them to provide various concessions. Thereby, Lee reveals that our existence based on cutting cost from wherever one can. So, Iacocca decided that he should start this process of cost cutting by deducting $1.00 a year from his salary. This move of withdrawing one dollar was necessary to make others do the same. He says that as a leader of the company he should be the first one to show sacrifice in any form. Because for a leader its mandatory to come up with such examples, otherwise his followers would never follow on his footsteps. Lee describes that reducing his pay, never meant that he wont take his meals. What he is of the view that such a giving up, is to display a team work, familys job and togetherness. Here, for the first time he came to know that people can do anything if they knew that others are experiencing the same pain as they are feeling. Iacocca, repeat his words that all this collective and oneness took Chrysler out of the trouble and not those dollars, which they definitely required just like blood. Moreover, the speaker sadly discussed the worst part of the cost cutting which though lifted the company but finished peoples lives and that was about firing many workers. This act of ours destroyed the social fabric of masses which results in, that they got divorced and had to stop sending children to college etc. Later, he explained that when public and celebrities came to know about our goal to save Chrysler, by any way or means. They showed fabulous support by writing letters to the writer. Then all the way big celebrities of that time joined us i ncluding Bob Hope, Bill Cosby, Pearl Bailey, and Frank Sinatra were the people who performed at our premises, encouraged the workers to show collectiveness in this hour of struggle but they never charged us a single dollar. At the end of this chapter, writer wants to tells us about one major helper without whom this saving of Chrysler never be executed. This was Doug Fraser, president of workers union. Then Lee made him part of Chryslers board of directors. Who was extremely good at negotiation, got good know how about politics and would speak out the same what goes through his head. THE BANKS: TRIAL BY FIRE:- When the Congress passed Chryslers loan of $ 1.5 Billion dollars, it was time to collect the money from the designated banks. These banks were based in the whole country as well in other parts of the world. But these banks made Lee and associates to be on toes in order to receive their loan. The writer said that the banking sector started showing bad attitude to them, even before when Chryslers hearings initiated in Congress and Senate. When giving the amount in chunks the bank representatives never bothered about Chrysler and after how long its going to rise. What they always concerned was about their banks money, meaning when Lees Chrysler will pay back loans money to them. Eventually, after lot of hassle and hard time with bank people, they received Chryslers first installment. Thus, it will result into a rebirth of a motor company. THE K-CAR AND A CLOSE CALL:- The moment, day, month, and year was there for Chrysler to stand on its feet. In fact Lee and his very brilliant ex-Ford colleague and current coworker Hal Sperlich had dreamt to launch small American built cars, from the days when they were at Ford. Unfortunately, Henry Ford, chairman and CEO of Ford motor company never permitted them to do so. But now they had the time, resource to fulfill that dream but no need of seeking permission, because Iacocca was in charge at the company. So they built, researched its name, advertised and launch K-Car. This model of Chrysler was rock solid, got a decent style, and has four cylinders engine with a fuel efficiency of 25 miles per gallon in intra city. Whereupon its consumption on the highway (motorway) it has mileage of 41 miles per gallon. Apart from its features the best thing of K-Car, that it was the first vehicle that can fit in six Americans but remain light in weight and gives amazing fuel efficiency. PUBLIC MAN, PUBLIC OFFICE:- The writer describes here that when Chrysler was back on track in market and started doing well. He learned the news that he too is campaigning for President of US but truly it wasnt correct at all. Iacocca believed that people made such rumors on the basis, because he did lot of advertisements for Chryslers promotion. He further explained that people write many letters to him saying that he should run for president. Another well-wisher of Lee wrote to him: I will write exact words of book here and they are why dont you turn this country around? Why are you wasting your time selling cars? Iacocca, analyzed and observe that why people of America wants him to be their next President because from the day Eisenhower (34th President of United States from January 20, 1953  Ã‚  January 20, 1961) left Oval office (the office of US President is called Oval Office) America started going down. And all the way after Eisenhower, none would turned up to be a great President and stayed long to fl ourish the countrys economy. In the end he said that he is very grateful to all those people who think that he would be the next President of America. But he believes that these priceless statements of people made my day and gave lot of contentment, which cant be expressed. A BITTERSWEET VICTORY:- Chrysler right after producing K-Car, then manufacturing fantastic line of cars all the way from Le Baron, Chrysler E Class, Dodge 600, the New Yorker, in sports car category it was called Dodge Daytona and lastly Chrysler Laser. So, now Iacoccas great company was back in business and started making good profit. Whereupon, writer decided to do a press conference in which he wants to brief the media on their success. The primary purpose of this conference was to abandon those titles which media gave them when Chrysler was on the edge of bankruptcy. While talking to the press Lee said as: Effective immediately, Chrysler is no longer cash starved or struggling or financially troubled. If you insist you may continue to call us the nations number three auto maker. But those other phrases are now banished forever! Afterwards, the profit they made in next year surpassed Chryslers previous history of profit earnings. Further, writer talks about the promises they made to lift Chrysler. These promises includes, modernization of plants on basis of latest technology, converting the fleet of cars to front wheel drive technology, to become leaders in fuel economy, promised to maintain employment for half a million workers. Last but not the least promised to produce exciting products. The writer called this bittersweet victory to two things. He refe

Fate vs. Free Will (Oedipus Rex)

Sophocles creates a world that makes the reader think about the complex and mysterious battle between fate and free will in his play Oedipus The King. To the characters, fate is real and that’s what they believe in. The audience sees that Oedipus is the one making the divisions and altimetry it is himself that leads to his downfall. Apollo, the Greek god of prophecy, intellectual pursuits and pelage, told Oedipus about his tragic future. When we first encounter Oedipus we don’t see any way that he could escape such a tragic down fall. Oedipus is in search of the truth, he does everything in his power, even when every one warns him to stop searching. When he refuses to listen he shows that he does have some sense of free will. There is no oracle that says that Oedipus had to find out about the truth of what has happened. Sadly his stubborn temper lead him to make the bad decisions. When Oedipus goes to Thebes, he is presented with a choice, to become the king or to continue to move on. Oedipus' choice to stay puts him one step closer to fulfilling the prophecy. Oedipus is not forced into marrying Jocasta, this is simply his decision. By the end of the play Oedipus admits to himself and the people of Thebes that it was his choices that lead to his fate. â€Å"Now loathed by the gods, son of the mother I defiled coupling in my fathers bed, spawning lives in the loins that spawned my wretched life. What grief can crown this grief? It's mine alone, my destiny-I am Oedipus! † (Sophocles) Oedipus clearly says that he married his mother, that he was the one who had children with her, and the grief is all his. Even though he may believe that this was his destiny, he takes responsibility for fulfilling it. Oedipus has no trouble seeing the error of his ways. Although Oedipus takes responsibility, he is not the only person to blame. Over all, the blame could altimetry fall on Jocasta and Laius. They were warned that their child was going to have such a future when Oedipus was very little, but instead of having Oedipus killed and actually seeing the proof, they carelessly had the baby pinned on a mountain. Jocasta and Laius never actually made sure that Oedipus was killed. Oedipus references this at the end of the play: â€Å"If I'd died then, I'd never have dragged myself, my loved ones through such hell† (Sophocles) If this play is only about fate that takes control of Oedipus' life, then Sophocles theme was that no man really has free choice, no one can make, then learn from their mistakes. That life is governed by something other than himself. Instead, Sophocles leaves the argument of fate versus free will open for more interpretations. The truth is that Oedipus' choices are what led him to fulfill the prophecy. While Sophocles never directly says, what happens to Oedipus is a result of his own choices, it’s the end of the play is makes you resize that he was responsible for his own actions. Oedipus is responsible for his own down fall. Fate and free will are two completely different ideas that Sophocles is some how able to put into one in this play. As a writer he leaves it up to the reader to interpret the difference between free will and fate. Oedipus is given many chances to make choices, but do to his stubbornness, he is the one who leads to his own down fall.

Essay About Smart-Phones Industry Essay

Question 1 According to the task, I select the smart-phones industry as an example to figure out my own opinion. The marketing environment always consists of particular elements within a business’s external competitive environment and operating environment which is related to the demands of one product’s target consumer, that is also known as the target market member. The operating environment includes investors, employees, customers, creditors, and the marketing environment, and how to use a business and its obtained resources. The elements beyond the scope of the company’s control is a company’s remote environment composed of . Elements about the remote-environment incorporate current and expected economic, social, technical and political factors. The industry environment, which describes the situations of businesses supplying a similar kind of product or service, is also called the competitive environment. Analyzing the remote business environment is doing good at helping business people understand the innate character and tendency of the nowaday conditions. Remote analysis tells hidden issues and predicts directions. Competitive or industry analysis lends a hand for business managers knowing how can they make their outputs diverse and better than their competitors’. Operational analysis provides people an wide profile about the company. The operational profile benefits analysts in learning which business strategies are efficacious and after all which strategies may be needed to be optimized or abolished. The macro environment involves the external factors which can totally influence a business or industry. However, these factors are not often in the control or the management ability that a company equipped with. Factors typically also include economic, demographic and social, political, technological, and legal forces in business. Business managers as well as the owners often spend a lot of time and efforts to evaluate the worldwide economic environment to finally make a determination about the number and the effectiveness of all these factors. Economic factors are generally comprised of supply and demand, the actual number of competitors in this given market, availability of recently economic resources, and efficient manufacturing methods used by companies. All these factors influence this company’s output and latent profit margins while they are selling goods and services to their consumers. Free market economies obviously have more competition for the sake of that more individuals and businesses can benefit themselves through the raw materials, labor, and facilities in the market. Demographics and society refers to information which is about the buyers in this economic market. This information involves statistics on not only the consumer age, sex, race, religion, education, but also their household size, marital status, and also other similar information. Companies that use that information to create productions and marketing strategies in order to meet the demands of all the consumers in the designated macro environment. Whatever, this information interacts on general economic factors. Companies must have the ability to decide the consumer supply and need by assessing consumer benefits. Political forces generally indicate that the government agencies or apartments and policies must be responsible for this particular nation’s economy. Policies may involve business taxes, interest rate as well as the availability of currency. Otherwise, companies regular make a business decision that is based on the government involvement within a set business industry. Creating business distributions in these regions sometimes can reduce one company’s incomes and make it adapt to more regulations and laws, which also rises operating costs. Technological changes these recent decades have changed the method companies do trades in the very macro environment. Websites, network station, software based on Internet, and the fulfillment centers permit companies to put their goods and services in multiple and international economic markets. Strategies and performance reviews can favor owners as well as the managers to use the macro environment elements to product a few competitive advantages for their subsidiary companies. Recognition of strategic groups is the crucial side for industry itself analysis. A strategic group is comprised of firms in this industry which is following almost the same strategies that aimed at the same target market groups. Marketing environments are related to the stage which the product stand on in the whole business marketing life cycle. The life-cycle marketing environment, thus, the four marketing life-cycle stages incorporated introduction, growth, maturity or decline. New products emerge on stage Introductory which is often described by an invention or an original service. Environments in the growth stage are with high competition, that means there are many firms attempting to divide shares of the similar target market. When it comes to the maturity stage, sales are growing slowly since most buyers who buy this kind product are those people who have already bought the product before. Sales slow to a halt in the decline stage. However, there may be some types would not go through every stage in this marketing life cycle. Marketing environments could also be depictured obviously of no concern of the marketing life cycle. None market leaders exist in Fragmented marketing environments. And this kind environment consisted of plenty of relatively small firms. The global marketing environment is the station for worldwide selling products businesses. Smart phone companies are illustrations of businesses which connected close with this free global marketing environment. Question 2 Since I am one of Samsung’s loyal customers, let’s take Samsung LTD as an individual firm within the cellphone industry. Samsung is a famous company selling smart phones all around the world. When we go back to see the last ten years, the rapid development of the mobile technology is an very outstanding phenomenon which really forever changed nowadays society we live in. In spite of the challenges that the current mobile industry environment brings, mobile future buyers growth are continuing without stopping with the emergency of markets to lead the way. However, the mobile industry is facing with a good many key issues, the economic downturn as well as the saturation of the spectrum concerns included. Before going next, we must say something about marketing assets. It can fall into four categories as the following: Internal or marketing support assets is the first sort. For instance, cost advantages emerge when Samsung try many ways to save its cost; while, on the other hand, information systems together with market intelligence is also of consequence; moreover, Samsung do business bases on the feeling of their existing customer; technological skills is irreplaceable in today’s mobile industry. There are many other aspects in this professional realm. The next is called the Alliance-based assets which can be described by the following questions: do the company have a market access to entry the big market? How to access to this market? And what is their management skills? How to share technology and so on. Supply chain assets is another category. In this part, Samsung pays enough attention to distribution network and the relationships between workers and buyers; they deal wel l with the pockets of strength; they ensure the delivery lead times and security of supply which is hard to come by. The last one is Customer-based and reputation assets. Relationships between Samsung supplier and customers is good. Samsung has great company name as well as good reputation; nowadays Samsung really have the smart phone market’s domination and it can not get without superior products and the after-sale services. In order to develope Samsung’s marketing capabilities which refers to its ability to perform their fixed marketing-mix activities this firm must marshal all kinds of resources they have and then deliver the value to customer. Fortunately, Samsung did this, too. We can see advertising of Samsung’s product wherever we go, such as GALAXY S4. Resources portfolios are related to the project that organizations is described as collections of resources, assets, and capabilities. The crucial dimensions of resources portfolios are the significance of resources when it comes to create values for customers together with resource advantage relative to other smart phone producer, namely, competitors. What is the competitive advantage of Samsung? First, they save costs as possible compared to competitors based on the large-scale production or intensive production. Second, they have unique production and after service. Otherwise, Samsung has done good job in developing and exploiting all their resources. Since the emergency of Apple’s iPhone in phone market, most rival mobile manufacturers are spot in a hard ‘catch-up’ stage due to they fell behind after they did not find out how to use ‘touch screen’ technology through their cellphones’ production process. However, Samsung is a winner just like Apple. It exploited not only a unique system for Galaxy but also good screen-touch technology and applications. Around this rapidly developed world, the mobile industry is standing out. America is moving forward faraway but other countries keep banging away at their spectrum plans. The mobile industry, obviously, wants their governments to say something to clarified and regard their spectrum policies. Samsung start to research and develop spectrum since that more spectrum is needed whether they want many new opportunities to use mobile and wireless broadband technology to offer this society and the worldwide economy more help. With the number of mobile users are growing up day after day worldwide, the mobile industry is still put up with the declining Average Revenue Per User. The economic downturn, nevertheless, would not be the only element that driving down the ARPU; I believe that price wars involving in the increasingly competitive market and the trend for mobile users growth. Total cellphone sales and the mobile phone revenues were also decreasing in early years after the strong financial crisis. There is also evidence showing that the whole sales of smart phones are mounting while the handset sales totally being declining. Since Nokia has been losing its hegemony in market shares in the recent times. In spite of only this recent two or three years in the mobile market, Samsung has also become very very popular. Question 3 Sellers have three choices when they come in a market. Mass marketing is decided by a mass-produce mode and mass divide one product into pieces and try to attract each types of consumers. Target marketing is the decision to distinguish the different groups which make up a market to develop corresponding products and marketing mixes for each target market. Sellers in the last decade are continuing moving away from the mass marketing and they are moving towards their established target marketing since the latter is more helpful in cramping out market opportunities and developing successful product marketing mixes. Market segmentation is the procedure of dividing and measuring distinct groups of customers or potential buyers finally into subgroups in view of the same needs or preferences. Competitive positioning pay attention on how consumers consider about the sundry providing on the mobile market contrast with the other mobile producers. Not only the competitive positioning but the market segmentation must be formulated in this way so that the demand for consumers are fulled in ways which are better than competitors. Talking about so much, the definition of market positioning is not told. It is a sure process about formulating competitive positioning for each kind of product and the detailed mix of the product in marketing. The firm should be quite sure about their plan for how to introduce the function and advantage of the product to all these the consumers. How Samsung’s consumers think about it on significate attributes and decide the product’s position. That is to say, a company’s positioning relates to Samsung finding the appropriate ‘location’ among a group of buyers as well as their market segment is good so that they could d evelop a new product or provide better service in a customer desired way. While we define market segmentation as the process of placing the buyers in our target product-market and then divide them into multiple sub-groups for the members in every segmentation showing similar respond to a special positioning strategy. Market segmentation bases on the real information but not the marketers’ intuition. Obviously, Samsung catches the value of the procedure of market segmentation. They find out that customers are not all the same and other different products may probably take the fancy of buyers on multiform stages through their lifetimes. Considering about the mobile industry, for the sake of an illustration of this conception, Samsung practices what one preaches. The segmentation procedure refers to separating the big market into different groups of customers who might require separate products or marketing mixes, recognised that all buyers have unique needs and wants. It is generally possible in buyer markets to ensure comparatively homogeneous parts or segmentation of the whole mobile market rely on shared preferences, views, or actions that separate them from the others in the smart phone market. Diverse products and separate mixes may be needed in these segments, and one-to-one marketing approach segment is a decisive step in this contemporary. Generally speaking, B2B or B2C mode are used bu Samsung for a long time and its markets can be divided into parts using geographical and demographic descriptors, while diverse forms of behavioral descriptors and psychographics. Demographic descriptors include age like how old their customers are, gender which means female or male, household life cycle, income about their benefit, their occupation, their education degree, and race. Behavioral descriptors contain a plentiful collection of segment bases that benefits sought, behaviour about purchasing, usage about this kind of product, loyalty to distinct brand, their attitudes towards product and relationship seeking characteristics are included. Psychographic descriptors include personality and lifestyle, Samsung research every class for their buyers to gain more. References Hooley, G., Piercy, N., & Nicolaud, B. (2012). Marketing strategy and competitive positioning (5th ed.). New York: FT Prentice Hall. Oviatt, B. and McDougall, P. 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